Jim Jubak: Growth -- a long-term problem for US banks

Jubak's Journal10/21/2010 7:00 PM ET

The big US banks' biggest problem

It's not foreclosures or bad paperwork -- it's being stuck in slow-growth economies while the developing world and its banks are booming. So, what's an investor to do?

By Jim Jubak

Here's my big insight for today: U.S. banks have a big long-term problem.

But not the one you're thinking of right now. (Yes, I do have secret powers and can tell what you're thinking -- although only about bank stocks.)

The headlines are full of news on robo-signers, mortgage foreclosure moratoriums, and put-backs that will cost banks billions over the next five years and drag out any resolution of the U.S. mortgage crisis.

But that's not the biggest problem facing U.S. banks and not the one that in the long term will doom them to second-class global status unless they can fix it.

What's that problem? The big U.S. banks -- JPMorgan Chase (JPM, news, msgs), Bank of America (BAC, news, msgs), Wells Fargo (WFC, news, msgs) and Citigroup (C, news, msgs) -- are locked out of the world's fastest-growing banking markets (emerging economies, especially in Asia) and are locked into some of the slowest-growing (the United States and Europe). And I don't see an easy way in the long term for these U.S. banks to break out of their slow-growth trap.

And that -- if you agree with the argument I lay out below -- should determine how you invest in these stocks, if you invest in them at all.

The current slump

Let me pick on JPMorgan Chase, the best-managed of the big U.S. banks and the one that came through the financial crisis in the best shape, to illustrate the problem.

Click graphic to see interactive chart

JPMorgan Chase
Graphical chart for JPM
In its Oct. 13 third-quarter earnings report, JPMorgan Chase announced disappointing revenue results: a drop of 15.4% from the third quarter of 2009.

Some of that decline was because of the widely anticipated drop in trading volumes and therefore in trading revenue in the quarter. Revenue from JPMorgan Chase's investment banking business fell to $5.4 billion, down from $7.5 billion in the third quarter of 2009 and $6.3 billion in the second quarter of 2010.

But let's look at the rest of the company's core businesses. In retail financial services, revenue fell 7% from the third quarter of 2009. The part of that larger unit called retail banking showed a 3% decline in revenue from a year earlier. Credit services net revenue fell 18% and mortgage banking net revenue 7%.

Now, you can say that those drops in revenue were the result of a slowing U.S. recovery and assume that revenue will grow again when the U.S. economy comes out of this slump in the recovery -- in, economists now project, the second half of 2011.

And I'd totally agree. That's why a stock such as JPMorgan Chase is a good medium-term buy and why I added it to my Jubak Picks portfolio Sept. 16 with a target price of $55 a share. (To see more on this pick and my entire Jubak's Picks portfolio, go here. Registration is required.)

Buying a good U.S. bank stock in anticipation of a stronger U.S. economy in the second half of 2011 is a good idea.

The longer view

But that's just the medium term. Remember I said that U.S. banks have a big long-term problem?

They do. It's called slow growth in the world's developed economies, where these banks do the bulk of their business. Much slower growth than in the world's developing economies.

Look at the latest economic projections from the International Monetary Fund to get a feel for the growth disparities.

On Oct. 6, the IMF released its forecast for global economic growth in 2010 and 2011. Developed economies are projected to grow, on average, 2.7% this year and 2.2% in 2011. The deceleration will begin in the second half of 2010 and continue into the first half of 2011, before growth picks up again in the second half of 2011. (With the IMF looking for just 2.2% growth for the entire year, the first half of 2011 could be very rocky indeed.)

The IMF projected that the U.S. economy will grow 2.6% in 2010 and 2.2% in 2011. The economies of the eurozone are expected to grow an average of 1.7% in 2010 and 1.5% in 2011.

Developing economies, on the other hand, are projected to grow, on average, 7.1% in 2010 and 6.4% in 2011. China's growth likely will slow to 9.6% in 2011 from a projected 10.5% in 2010. India will grow 9.7% this year, the IMF projects, and 8.4% in 2011.

Add in the contrast between a saturated banking market in the U.S. and a huge unbanked population in the developing world, and the gap in relative growth potential gets even larger. Consulting company McKinsey estimates a global count of 2.5 billion people who aren't served by either formal or informal banking institutions. About 2.2 billion of these live in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East.

Not all of these unbanked will become banking customers anytime soon. Many are too poor or live in remote areas. But the figures do give a general feel for the potential in developing economies.

You can get a more precise measure by looking at a financial product such as credit and charge cards. In 2005, credit and charge cards per capita in the U.S. stood at 2.53, according to the International Trade Administration. That same year, credit and charge cards per capita stood at just 0.02 in India and 0.38 in Brazil. No wonder consulting company RNCOS projects compound annual growth in credit and charge card numbers in developing countries of 12% from 2010 to 2013.

Continued: Getting in the game

More from MSN Money and MoneyShow.com

 1 | 2 | next >

Rate this Article

Click on one of the stars below to rate this article from 1 (lowest) to 5 (highest). LowHigh
MoneyShow.com
27Comments
10/26/2010 5:51 PM
avatar

Susan7654321

 

You have it right. Just look at which divisions in the big banks where they are losing money, have falling revenue or are cutting expenses versus where they are making money, adding revenue and adding staff.

 

The consumer and business lending side is down. The part trading desks are focused solely on currencies, commodities and derivatives. M&A and investment banking is stuck until more credit is available.

 

10/26/2010 5:47 PM
avatar

dontholdyourbreath

 

Your logic presumes it is possible for you to avoid the costs of enough greedy or stupid people from sinking the boat that you share with them. Good luck with that.

 

More thinking along the lines of "If it works in my little small town or business, it must work for the entire country when we multiply it 10,000,000 times".

 

That track of thinking is how we got here.

 

10/26/2010 2:14 PM
avatar

Economists are like weather forecasters. They keep guessing and eventually they get it right. Every forecast they make keeps pushing back the period in which our economy will start growing again.

 

The real problem that banks have is the same as every other industry in the US now. The demand for their products just isn't there right now. Even people and companies with deep pockets are waiting to see what happens before they invest and hire. Our country needs a real leader right now that will inspire people to believe in the future again. Not sure who is going to fill those big shoes but Obama has failed. Guess it just goes to show that giving away money and raising taxes isn't the way to grow an economy.

10/26/2010 12:20 PM
avatar

Don'tholdyourbreath

 

After reading some of your comments it's obvious you know nothing but right-wing talking points. Ideology rules. huh!

 

Read the Big Short by Michael Lewis and some other objective analyses.

 

You just proved again that ignorance must be bliss.

avatar
Biggest organization from banks to industry in private sector have posed a biggest problem as they have become unwieldy due to size, lack of regulations, control of capital investment abroad as well transferred of interests abroad leaving gaping hole in America in employment sector due to our sourcing & off shoring for getting highest profit & make America jobless without income & saving fir banks to keep running. It amounts to total failure of entire capitalist system unlike India where it is dual. Organizations have to have regulations, norms, proper organization of viable size. EU countries too have given notice to unwieldy INK to bifurcate banking from insurance to make it viable. Had defense manufacturing too thinned down due to offshore production, America total economy could have collapsed & people of America left starved without jobs followed by closure of other dependent industries like retail stores etc leaving American without even food for existence. It is high time America should follow India model of industry & economy to quickly stage come back to its original status of global power failing which US will not be even able to defend itself against economic & political assaults by China as well terrorists which have taken root in USA & being trained consistently by ISI of Pakistan to bleed America of its dollars wealth.
avatar
I remember a time in the not so distant past when Citibank burned its fingers good and proper in developing country debt.
10/22/2010 2:43 PM
avatar

disillusioned101 - Guess what, that's what banks do - they lend money for their own self interests.  What are they supposed to do, hold everyone's hand and wipe their noses for them?  The borrowers were acting in their own self interests too when they took out mortgages that they couldn't afford in order to buy houses that were over-priced.  I don't subscribe to the economic premise that people act rationally.  In fact, I know that people act irrationally.  Human beings by nature are greedy and irrational.

 

Yes, I can blame people for taking the loans.  Put the blame where it belongs.  Cigarettes are everywhere but those who choose to smoke them take the risk of cancer.  The game is not rigged - irrational people took a gamble and lost.  They had free will to say no and walk away.  Anyone with a brain knew that house prices where way too high.  Being smart is not a crime, just as being stupid is not a crime.  You say that the savvy bankers screwed the borrowers, I say that the dumb borrowers screwed themselves.  Protecting widows & orphans is bankrupting the nation.  We now take care of people from cradle to grave - free formula and diapers when you're born; free education; unemployment when you lose your job; medicaid & health care when you're sick; social security & medicare when you're old.  Now the gov. is  supposed to buy people houses and watch over their financial well-being too?  You say that they were weak & uninformed?  I think that they were stupid & greedy and why should society pay for that?

10/22/2010 1:15 PM
avatar
C is a good pick right now Jim.  I've been accumulating shares under $4 for months now.  Soon the govt will have all its shares sold.  Then its up and away.
10/22/2010 1:14 PM
avatar

 

Dontholdyourbreath, I think that conspiracy is the wrong term. A conspiracy implies a central command structure that made a decision. When a bunch of very smart people with a keen understanding of mathematics behave in unison for their own self interests to take advantage of someone else’s weakness is that a conspiracy? One of the biggest false assumptions in economics is that people will always act rationally in their own self interests. When they do act rationally in their own self interests are they as a group conspiring? I don’t think so, but the result will be consistent.

 

Also economic duress can be a tool to achieve a goal in some cases, but most of the time, as is the case with banking, it is a by product of doing business a certain way. Maintaining home prices at the profit maximizing equilibrium has worked well as an accounting function for the banks. Whether there is a conspiracy is mute, the end results are the same. We move away form the real market driven equilibrium price up to the profit maximizing equilibrium price of the banks.     

 

You can test the model in a real world situation and the results are fairly consistent. When you move away from the cash equilibrium more and more people have to struggle to make the payments. Raise the price too high (create a bubble) and the second you can no longer maintain the price supports; pop!

 

As a result of the banking control structure, most people struggle their entire adult lives as renters and if the banks give them an opportunity can you really blame them for taking it? The game is rigged.

 

Most people don’t comprehend the pricing mechanism so they are price takers not price setters as some have lead them to believe. Is that a good reason to allow a savvy group to screw them with it?

 

What ever happened to protecting widows and orphans from the confidence men? This used to be a Republic with laws against such behavior? It seems to me that the best government that money can buy has made it legal for confidence men to take from the weak and uninformed. Just look at our health care wealth redistribution system.

10/22/2010 12:07 PM
avatar

Mr Jupak  you are mistaking abaute citi there is only two banks in the world already globalized citi and hsbc pls take a tour

you may be right abaute the rest

10/22/2010 12:04 PM
avatar
Jim,  You should have left Citigroup out of out of this report.  They are an international bank and are expanding outside the united states.  How can a professional analyst not know this?
10/22/2010 11:34 AM
avatar

Dontholdyourbreath, why would the banks want to foreclose on people? They don’t. They screwed up. They push the bank profit maximizing equilibrium price to high and over fished the population of credit worthy customers in the process. It is not that they don’t want to lend, my mail box is full of offers. Like any time a fishery is over fished it is going to take a long time for the remaining breeders to recover to a healthy population.

 

In the mean time two or more families in a house is going to be the norm. A survival strategy for the coming decade of off shoring, lingering unemployment, stagnate or declining wages, and inflation. Wall Street seems to have recovered, with the government and the FEDs help, but Main Street has a lot of Wall Street overburden to dig through before they can get a breath of fresh air.  

10/22/2010 11:00 AM
avatar
The big so called American banks don't want to make loans or have corner banks with small depositors.
They want to deal in the $620,000,000,000,000 derivatives market! Yes, 620 TRILLION!

10/22/2010 11:00 AM
avatar

disillusioned101 - You're telling me that the banks were all in a conspiracy to cause "economic duress" and force people to default on their mortgages?  I don't think so.  Why would the banks want to foreclose on people?  You have it totally backwards.  The borrowers caused the financial meltdown, not the banks.  If people would have paid their mortgages or not bought houses they couldn't afford, none of this would have happened.  The interest rates that you say were set too high were agreed upon by the borrowers.  They accepted low teaser rates because it was the only way that they could afford the payments in order to get into the house.  They knew that the rates would reset higher and agreed to it.  People took a risk because they thought they could refinance or dump the house before the resets but the real estate market went south and they were caught with their pants down.

 

You say that the banking system is great if you own one?  Ask one of the hundreds of banks that have gone bankrupt in all of this.  People aren't enslaved - we all have free will and make our own economics choices buy voting with our dollars.  People took a gamble and lost.  You use Monopoly to support your logic.  This is exactly the problem - Monopoly is a game, not real world.  Your logic is from an idealistic, academic realm and does not exist in the real world.  The system that you bash only works because people allow it.

 

10/22/2010 10:38 AM
avatar

Dontholdyourbreath, have you ever played the game of Monopoly? The premise of the game is to use economic duress that occurs from controlling productive resources to bankrupt your opponent.

 

Would you even be willing to play if your opponent started with a hotel on Park Place and Broadwalk? What would be the point? You will loose 99.9% of the time.

 

Now start the game with all the real estate being owned by your opponents. You will loose 100% of the time and very quickly.

 

Economic duress is a mathematically provable force. You have to understand the concept of economic duress before you will ever understand why people are pissed at the banks.  

 

Usury Laws were put in place to prevent another mathematical inevitability that occurs when interest rates can be set too high. Usury laws and bankruptcy are safety valves necessary to prevent the loss of liberty. When the best government that money can buy allows them to become marginalized, then there is no liberty for all. Just for the few.

 

The banking system becomes great if you own one and I’m not talking about a small ownership interest. You have to own enough to offset the negative consequences in your life.

 

Then there is Milton Friedman’s constant inflation concept where the mathematical laws of exponentially enslaves us all with a banking tax called inflation.

 

It seems like three strikes to me.

 

Then there are the real estate price supports necessary to protect the banks portfolio and the tread mills it puts us all on.

 

Then there is the competitive disadvantage of having a mature banking system in the new world order. Something emerging markets don't yet have to contend with.

 

That would be five.

 

10/22/2010 10:00 AM
avatar
I read in the Wall St. Journal that some people who are facing foreclosure are hiring lawyers who are delaying the foreclosure process due to technicalities such as the lender didn't read the loan documents, etc.  Some guy & his wife are still in their house and haven't made a mortgage payment in 4 years.  Other lawyers are filing Chapter 13 bankruptcy for people and getting their mortgages & other debts wiped out.  What is it with people - they think they have a right to a house even if they can't pay for it?  This is the problem with America, people think they are entitled to things even though they've got cr*p in their pants.
10/22/2010 9:55 AM
avatar

I agree with OnAnIsland, our whole banking system has a credibility problem. There is no competition among banks only propaganda wars that give the appearance that there is a difference between banks. Banks are banks period.

 

Many of us have move to credit unions, but the need for credit union managers to handle the consumer trend has forced the credit unions to hire ex-bank managers. This has polluted that pool with the banker mind set. They are becoming more and more alike as far as customer service is concerned. In addition, if the FED has its way eventually even credit unions will be under the preview of the FED.

 

WordFromWithin, has it right for the consumer this crisis has not moved in a positive direction in generations and apparently generational memory is not getting passed along. Without real competition as a driving force there is no free market and banking is no exception. Too big to fail banks need to be busted up with Sherman Anti Trust action and even that path is froth with peril. Busting them up now will only leed to throw away subsidiaries holding all the toxic assets. The powers in the banking industry couldn’t have planned this condensing of assets any better. This seems to be a crisis for everyone except the mega bankers.

 

Jim is also right. The bankers have spread a systemic illness to their established markets and have not spread the poison evenly to the emerging markets; YET! The poison I speak of is the high cost of living that comes with supporting an established banking cabal. How can American workers compete with emerging markets with such a weight on their collective shoulders.

10/22/2010 9:48 AM
avatar
Why do people keep blaming the banks?  They may have supplied the rope, but stupid, greedy people took the rope and placed it around their own necks.  The banks didn't hold a gun to people's heads and force them to take out loans.  The terms of the loans were right there in front of them on paper and the people signed them.  People shouldn't have been so greedy to buy houses that they couldn't afford.  That's like blaming Smith & Wesson when someone gets shot, or blaming McDonald's when someone gets burned from their hot coffee.  People took a gamble on borrowing money and lost.  Get over it and live with it.  In typical American fashion, people screw up and then blame someone else.
10/22/2010 9:14 AM
avatar
Jim should warn that SCBFF has almost no daily volume. Any bad news and you won't be able to get out. LS
10/22/2010 7:53 AM
avatar
Jim:  US Banks may lose out on developing markets but what is worse is they are losing American business as well.  Call it lack of consumer confidence but American banks are no longer trustworthy.  I hold most of my assets outside the US.  My pension fund changed from State Street to ING because pension checks could not be mailed on time.  I've cancelled credit cards with US Bank because they changed the terms on the cards without notifying me also known as breach of contract.  I've dumped Morgan Stanly because they could not deliver stock certificates per SEC regulations.  (I don't care how they try and reinvent their name, I'm not doing business with them).  The problem is that banking is a trust business and hiring a second rate legal firm to do robo signing or not paying bills destroys that trust.  Paying million dollar bonuses to "top" executives in the middle of a recession while cutting shareholder dividends erodes the most important asset of bank stocks, market price.  It will take twenty years and a new generation of depositors to regain that trust if your lucky.  Meanwhile I understand why US banks can't compete internationally.  They can't even compete in their home markets.  So we eek out some mid-term profits knowing that like Washington Mutual, the end game is to get out and short sell these stocks before they reflect the true consumer sentiment.
Report
Please help us to maintain a healthy and vibrant community by reporting any illegal or inappropriate behavior. If you believe a message violates theCode of ConductPlease use this form to notify the moderators. They will investigate your report and take appropriate action. If necessary, they report all illegal activity to the proper authorities.
Categories
Additional comments(optional)
100 character limit
Are you sure you want to delete this comment?
viewCounter