Keeping the auto repo man at bay

By Bankrate.com

Conventional wisdom holds that a vehicle is the second-largest purchase in the lives of most Americans. For consumers who have yet to buy a house or may never buy a house, purchasing a vehicle probably springboards to the top of the list.

Either way, a vehicle represents a significant investment, and the loss of that vehicle can have serious consequences for any household. As the economy continues to struggle and incomes are jeopardized, making those monthly car payments can be a challenge.

What is a borrower to do when faced with an income setback that puts fulfilling the terms of a vehicle loan in doubt? Be proactive.

Loan delinquencies increasing

According to Experian Automotive, third-quarter 30-day delinquencies rose from 2.55% in 2007 to 2.76% in 2008. Sixty-day delinquencies posted a 12.7% jump during the same quarter of 2008 over 2007.

Repossessions are also on the rise. The American Bankers Association reports that for the same reporting period, repossessions on indirect auto loans -- loans made by dealers or other third parties -- went from 1.82 per 1,000 outstanding loans in 2007 to 2.7 per 1,000 in 2008, a rise of approximately 48%. This is a continuation of an upward trend that began in 2006.

The year-over-year projections are also grim. Thomas Webb, the chief economist for Manheim, an automotive auction group in Atlanta, says approximately 1.67 million vehicles were repossessed in 2008, and he expects about a 5% increase in repossessions in 2009, to a total of roughly 1.75 million vehicles.

• Car repo men had busiest year ever

Banks, credit unions and manufacturers' captive finance companies are all under pressure to minimize delinquencies and hold the line on repossessions. Although a fairly efficient system is in place to get repossessions off creditors' books through auctions and other wholesale avenues, the American Financial Services Association, or AFSA, reports that each repossession represents a loss of approximately $8,000 for the creditor. Consequently, repossession is considered a last resort.

"It's not in our interest to go and repossess a car," says Justin Leach of Toyota Financial Services.

• Will the loan outlive the car?

That sentiment is shared by many vehicle finance companies. How, then, can borrowers in crisis and lenders find a way to keep those borrowers in their cars and current on their payments?

Possible solutions

Most vehicle finance companies work with troubled borrowers on a case-by-case basis, and each has its own formula for working with delinquent borrowers. Some, such as Toyota Financial Services and Hyundai Motors Finance, are more open about how their evaluation process works and what solutions might be considered. Others, such as GMAC, guard their procedures tenaciously.

Mike Stoller of GMAC explains: "There is no formula for public consumption. Each case is unique, and each solution set is tailored."

But there is some common ground. A borrower who may face payment problems should read the AFSA white paper Vehicle Repossession Prevention: Steps Taken by Industry (.pdf file), published in July 2008, which explains a number of possible solutions:

• Refinancing the loan. With today's low interest rates, refinancing the entire loan -- perhaps with a longer term -- could lower monthly payments enough to make them easier to handle.
• Modifying the terms of the loan. Anytime you change the interest rate or the term of the loan, it affects the monthly payment. If you have 24 months left to pay on your car, asking for the term to be extended to 30 months can lower your payment significantly. True, you may have to pay a little for the change, and it's likely to cost you more interest money over the long run, but it's better than losing your car and your credit rating.
• Changing the payment due date. Sometimes getting your payment due date scheduled so it complies better with the timing of your paychecks can make it easier for you to make on-time payments.
• Deferring payments. If you always seem to be one payment behind, try contacting your lender and asking to defer a payment. The lender may allow you to skip one payment and just add it on to the back end of your contract -- so a 48-month loan, for example, would actually take you 49 months to pay off. The one-month break could get you back on track.
• Extending payments. If you're just in a temporary bind, the lender may agree to give you an extension on the date to make the payment by pushing it back a few days or weeks and then returning to the normal payment schedule.
• Waiving late charges. The accumulation of late charges in some cases can be the difference in your ability to make the payment or not. Lenders don't really want to repossess your car and waiving late charges may be a concession they're willing to make if you can show them the waiver can get you back on a regular payment schedule.

Continued: Case-by-case examples

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